Multiple Sclerosis
What is Multiple Sclerosis?
Multiple Sclerosis was tracked in Holland by a physician in the 1940’s. This disease affects the brain and spinal cord (the central nervous system). Myelin, which supplies insulation for nerves, ameliorates the conductivity of impulses and it is also essential for maintaining the healthy nerves. If you are suffering from Multiple Sclerosis the inflammation will cause the myelin to deteriorate and eventually vanish. Therefore, the impulses that circulate along the nerves slow down. In the next stage, the nerves are directly harmed. When a large amount of nerves are affected, the diseased person experiences a continuous interference with functions such as walking, speech, memory and vision (all controlled by the central nervous system). In the U.S there are about 270,000 to 360,000 people with this disease.
Multiple Sclerosis is likely to appear in people between 21 and 45 years old but there have been cases of teenage patients or even patients in their 60's. The Multiple Sclerosis is more possible to affect Caucasians and especially young women. Its cause is still not detected. In the last decades, researchers studied the genetics and immune system in order to find an explanation. The immune system, as it is the protector of the body, reacts to any aggressor of unknown objects but this reaction depends upon fast communication among the cells that will destroy the aggressor and the immune cells. In Multiple Sclerosis, a certain virus or gene may cause the immune system to attack myelin.
Multiple Sclerosis Symptoms
The Multiple Sclerosis symptoms are single or multiple and they can vary in intensity from mild to severe and in duration from short too long. The first evidence is the visual perturbation: double vision, blurred, red-green deformation, blindness. Secondly, you may experience muscle weakness which will cause trouble with balance and coordination. The most common Multiple Sclerosis symptoms are still tremors, attention shortage, dizziness, speech handicap and hearing loss. More than 55% of sufferers deal with mental changes like reduction of concentration, attention and judgment impediments and even memory loss.
Demyelination by MS. The CD68 colored tissue shows several macrophages in the area of the lesion.
Other Multiple Sclerosis symptoms involve paranoia, depressionor an immediate need to laugh. As the sickness worsens, the sufferers may go through no bladder control or sexual dysfunction. All these symptoms are intensified by heat but the patients can find comfort with cold long baths. When pregnant, the number of attacks is smaller. The typical symptoms remain fatigue (which consists of sleepiness, drowsiness, mental fatigue), heat sensibility, spasticity (it affects the muscular tissues of arms and legs) impaired thinking (this may lead to impossibility of performing the tasks of daily routine), abnormal sensations (itching, stabbing, burning, numbness), vision problems, speech and swallowing difficulties (caused by deteriorated nerves), tremors and walking problems. It is vital to realize that even if there is a broad range of Multiple Sclerosis symptoms which can appear, a certain person may live only a few of them.
Multiple Sclerosis Treatment
The most common Multiple Sclerosis treatment is chemotherapy. Generally it refers to using cell-killing (potent cytotoxic) agents also recommended for treating cancer. These medicines destroy tumor cells but they can also affect the normal ones, usually those that divide fast (intestinal and hair cells, white and red blood cells). The reason for using chemotherapy to cure Multiple Sclerosis is that this disease is autoimmune and, this way, it should slow down the destruction of the immune system. In October 2000, mitoxantrone was approved to be used for treating Multiple Sclerosis as it reduces neurological handicap and the frequency of clinical recidivism in sufferers with progressive-relapsing, secondary-progressive or relapsing-remitting forms of the disease. This was the first drug accepted in U.S and, at the beginning, the tolerability and safety was satisfying. The most common side effects were hair loss, urinary infections, nausea and menstrual troubles. But this applies to a short period of administration because on long-term its safety is questionable. There were cases of cardiac toxicity so Novatrone is recommended to patients with normal cardiac rhythm and they should take a total cumulative dose of 13 mg/m2 once in three months. Even so, the risk of intoxication grows with every dose and cardiac failure can happen anytime. You can even experience AML (acute myelogenous leukemia). However, there are other chemotherapeutic agents that can be used although their use is controversial for treating Multiple Sclerosis.
- Azathioprine: oppresses the immune system but it provides slow progression; on the other hand, it causes anemia, nausea and it can finally lead to leukemia.
- Cladribine : it does not offer clinical benefit and the patients experienced side effects like infections and myelin damage
- Cyclophosphamide: in the best case, there can be a small benefit from the administration of this drug. Side effects include nausea, hair loss, infections and bladder problems.
- Cyclosporine-A: it reduces rejection in transplantations and it has a certain action against T cells. As it is known, these are active during Multiple Sclerosis and scientists started to make some tests. They kept under observation almost 650 women and men for two and a half years. The results showed that this medicine slows the rate of Multiple Sclerosis without any important side effects.
- Methotrexate: it prevents animal Multiple Sclerosis. Is does not have much effect on people.
- Avonex: it carries a small risk of disablement progression and it showed a reduction in size and number of active wounds in the nervous system.
As Multiple Sclerosis is different from one patient to another and for the same person over time, each treatment needs to be carefully selected by a team of specialists and there should always be a permanent relation between the patient and the doctor. Considering all these, it is clear that there is no general accepted cure for this disorder but there are different phases available in order to change the evolution of the disease, to treat and to deal with symptoms and finally to ameliorate a patients condition. This way, specialists can heighten the life for sufferers of Multiple Sclerosis.
More about Multiple Sclerosis
As is often the case internet is probably the best source of general information about Multiple Sclerosis and you can learn a lot. Considering the complex nature of the disease it's, however, most important that you find and keep a close relation with a specialized doctor if you're suffering from Multiple Sclerosis. Finding and joining support groups both in your real world and online is also advisable and of course you may want to read up on this disease. If so the following books may be of interest:
 Overcoming Multiple Sclerosis: An Evidence-Based Guide to Recovery List Price: Sale Price: $18.41 You save: $9.54 (34%)  Eligible for free shipping!Availability: Usually ships in 1-2 business days DescriptionA research-based approach to treating the devastating neurological condition multiple sclerosis, based on a combination of drug treatment and lifestyle modifications Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a serious, progressively disabling condition for which current medical treatment is not particularly effective and has many side effects, however, this guide provides a genuine alternative...  |  It's Not All in Your Head: Anxiety, Depression, Mood Swings, and Multiple Sclerosis List Price: Sale Price: $8.75 You save: $8.20 (48%) Eligible for free shipping!Availability: Usually ships in 1-2 business days DescriptionMultiple sclerosis can be a true roller coaster of emotions, and it’s critical that patients learn how to deal with these feelings half of those living with MS warrant medical intervention for depression at some point... |
 The First Year: Multiple Sclerosis: An Essential Guide for the Newly Diagnosed List Price: Sale Price: $7.33 You save: $9.62 (57%) Eligible for free shipping!Availability: Usually ships in 1-2 business days DescriptionOne of the most widely recommended guides to living with multiple sclerosis, now completely revised and updated, including the latest research, the most recent information on treatments (including the news on Tysabri®), and new tips for managing MS... |  Managing Multiple Sclerosis Naturally: A Self-help Guide to Living with MS List Price: Sale Price: $11.99 You save: $7.96 (40%) Eligible for free shipping!Availability: Usually ships in 1-2 business days DescriptionA totally revised and updated edition of the first book to offer a holistic approach to slowing the progression of MS • Provides guidance on special diets and nutritional supplements, exercise, alternative therapies, and the effects of negative and positive thoughts on MS • Explains how to reduce toxic overload from mercury and chemicals • Includes life wisdom and coping strategies from others who suffer with MS Judy Graham is an inspiration... |
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